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Tchaikovsky took piano lessons from the age of five.
In 1861 Tchaikovsky attended classes on music theory taught
by Nikolai Zaremba at the Mikhailovsky Palace (now the Rus-
sian Museum) in St. Petersburg. From 1862 to 1865 he studied har-
mony and counterpoint with Zaremba. Rubinstein, the direc-
tor and the founder of the Conservatoire, taught instrumenta-
tion and composition.

After graduating from the Conservatoire, Tchaikovsky
briefly considered a return to public service. Rubinstein’s
brother Nikolai offered him the post of Professor of Music
Theory at the soon-to-open. He was further heartened by news
of the first public performance of one of his works, his “Char-
acteristic Dances”, conducted by Johann Strauss II at a con-
cert in Pavlovsk Park on September 11, 1865.

From 1867 to 1878 Tchaikovsky was combining his profes-
sorial duties with music criticism while continuing to com-
pose. This exposed him to a range of contemporary music and
afforded him the opportunity to travel abroad.

While ambivalent about much of “The Five’s” music,
Tchaikovsky remained friends with most of its members. De-
spite his collaboration with Balakirev, Tchaikovsky made con-
siderable efforts to ensure his musical independence from
the group as well as from the conservative faction at the
St. Petersburg Conservatoire.

Tchaikovsky began to compose operas. His first, “The
Voyevoda”, based on a play by Alexander Ostrovsky, was
premiered in 1869. The composer became dissatisfied with it
and, having reused parts of it in later works, destroyed the
pose. This exposed fim to a range of contemporary Music and
afforded him the opportunity to travel abroad.

While ambivalent about much of “The Five’s” music,
Tchaikovsky remained friends with most of its members. De-
spite his collaboration with Balakirev, Tchaikovsky made con-
siderable efforts to ensure his musical independence from
the group as well as from the conservative faction at the
St. Petersburg Conservatoire.

Tchaikovsky began to compose operas. His first, “The
Voyevoda”, based on a play by Alexander Ostrovsky, was
premiered in 1869. The composer became dissatisfied with it
and, having reused parts of it in later works, destroyed the manuscript The first Tchaikovsky opera to survive intact, “The
Oprichnik”, was premiered in 1874. During its composition,
he fell out with Ostrovsky. The author of the play “The
Oprichnik”, Ivan Lazhechnikov died in 1869. Tchaikovsky
decided to write the libretto himself. Other works of this period include the Varia-
tions on a Rococo Theme for cello and orchestra, the Second
and Fourth Symphonies, the ballet “Swan Lake” and the opera
“Eugene Onegin”.

Despite his disdain for public life, Tchaikovsky was par-
ticipating in it both as a consequence of his increasing celeb-
rity and because he felt it his duty to promote Russian music.
He helped support his former pupil Sergei Taneyev, who was
now a director of Moscow Conservatoire. Tchaikovsky also
served as a director of the Moscow branch of the Russian
Musical Society during the 1889-1890 season. In this post, he
invited many international celebrities to conduct, including
Johannes Brahms, Antonin Dvorak and Jules Massenet, al-
though not all of them accepted. Tchaikovsky also promoted
Russian music as a conductor. In January 1887 he substituted
at the Bolshoi Theater in Moscow at short notice for perfor-
mances of his opera “Cherevichki”. Within a year of the
“Cherevichki” performances, Tchaikovsky was in considerable
demand throughout Europe and Russia, which helped him
overcome life-long stage fright and boosted his self-assurance.