10 важных предложений

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Oil and gas exist in the pore spaces of rock in the subsurface of the earth. How
much oil or gas can be recovered from the rock is a function of rock properties,
technology, and economics. Even when it is technically feasible to remove oil or gas
from a specific reservoir, the costs involved in doing so may exceed the value of the
oil or gas recovered at projected prices. In this case, the oil or gas is uneconomic and
will not be developed.

The total amount of oil or gas in the reservoir is called original oil or gas in
place. For a specific reservoir, engineers estimate this amount with information about
the size of the reservoir trap and properties of the rock (which can be sampled and
tested). Some of the original oil and gas deposited millions of years ago has been
discovered, while some remains undiscovered (the target of future exploration).

Discovered (or known) resources can be divided into proved reserves and
prospective or unproved (probable and possible) resources. "Proved reserves" are the quantities of oil or gas from known reservoirs and expected to be recoverable With current technology and at current economic conditions. Prospective resources are those that may be recoverable in the future with advanced technologies or under different economic conditions.

As noted above, three factors affect the amount of oil or gas that can. be
recovered from a known reservoir - rock properties, technology, and economics.
While the industry cannot change the properties of the rock, it can develop new
techniques to remove more oil from the rock. The industry has made significant
advances to enhance recovery from known reservoirs, adding to the reserves base.
When prices rise, marginal reservoirs can be developed economically, adding to the
reserve base.

Reserves will also grow as more oil and gas deposits are found around the
world. Continental North America and much of continental Europe have already been
explored heavily, and any new discoveries are likely to be small. But many areas of
the globe are largely unexplored and many large new deposits are waiting to be
found. Companies have experienced major success in discovering significant new oil
and gas reservoirs offshore Brazil, the Gulf of Mexico, Alaska, off the western coast
of Africa, Russia, and many areas of Asia and the Pacific. These are just a few of the
current areas of growth. Most observers agree that significant deposits of oil and gas
remain undiscovered in the Middle East.

The oil and gas industry uses advanced technology to aid in the search for the resources that will meet growing world energy needs. Technology advances enable
more accurate drilling and extraction of a higher percentage of oil and gas from each
field, extending the life of each well. Advanced technology also allows development
of resources that were not previously economically viable, such as deep-sea fields,
unconventional natural gas, and oil and gas in very deep reservoirs. Together, these
new sources of oil and gas will replace production from existing wells as they
decline, and help to assure adequate oil and gas supplies to meet world energy needs for the foreseeable future.