Автоспорт
помогите найти полный текст на английском. Спасибо) principle of operation of the four-stroke petrol engine
principle of operation of the four-stroke petrol engine
ENGINE OPERATION
(Four-Stroke Engine Cycle)
The majority of modern engines work on a principle of fuel compression. To understand this principle let us consider the events in a simple one-cylinder engine. The cylinder has a closed end in which a piston can slide up and down, each motion of the piston being termed the stroke. The piston receives one power stroke once every four strokes. The four strokes are suction, compression, power and exhaust.
In the combustion chamber of the cylinder two ports are arranged so that each port should be completely closed by valves. The inlet valve regulates the admission of the explosive charge, while the exhaust valve controls the exit of exhaust gases.
During the suction stroke, the piston is moving down and the fuel charge is being drawn through the inlet valve. The piston reaching its lowest position (or bottom dead centre), the inlet valve shuts.
On the compression stroke the charge is compressed by the piston moving upwards. Both valves are closed.
Just at the moment when the piston reaches the upper end of its stroke (or top dead centre), an electric spark generated by the spark plug passes inside the combustion chamber to ignite the explosive mixture of gasoline vapour and air. The resulting explosion and expanding gases force the piston down. This is the power stroke. Just before the end of the power stroke, the exhaust valve opens.
On the final upward stroke (or the exhaust stroke) the piston forces the exhaust gases out of the cylinder. At the end of this stroke the exhaust valve closes. Now the piston is ready to move down to start the whole cycle over again.
II. Проанализируйте и письменно переведите следующие предложения:
1.The engine speed being increased, tractors could be used for road work.
2.These parts should be lubricated after long-time running.
3.Soft water is known to be used in the engine cooling system.
4.The purpose of a compression ring is to prevent gas leakage.
(Four-Stroke Engine Cycle)
The majority of modern engines work on a principle of fuel compression. To understand this principle let us consider the events in a simple one-cylinder engine. The cylinder has a closed end in which a piston can slide up and down, each motion of the piston being termed the stroke. The piston receives one power stroke once every four strokes. The four strokes are suction, compression, power and exhaust.
In the combustion chamber of the cylinder two ports are arranged so that each port should be completely closed by valves. The inlet valve regulates the admission of the explosive charge, while the exhaust valve controls the exit of exhaust gases.
During the suction stroke, the piston is moving down and the fuel charge is being drawn through the inlet valve. The piston reaching its lowest position (or bottom dead centre), the inlet valve shuts.
On the compression stroke the charge is compressed by the piston moving upwards. Both valves are closed.
Just at the moment when the piston reaches the upper end of its stroke (or top dead centre), an electric spark generated by the spark plug passes inside the combustion chamber to ignite the explosive mixture of gasoline vapour and air. The resulting explosion and expanding gases force the piston down. This is the power stroke. Just before the end of the power stroke, the exhaust valve opens.
On the final upward stroke (or the exhaust stroke) the piston forces the exhaust gases out of the cylinder. At the end of this stroke the exhaust valve closes. Now the piston is ready to move down to start the whole cycle over again.
II. Проанализируйте и письменно переведите следующие предложения:
1.The engine speed being increased, tractors could be used for road work.
2.These parts should be lubricated after long-time running.
3.Soft water is known to be used in the engine cooling system.
4.The purpose of a compression ring is to prevent gas leakage.
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