В чём разница между like и would like ?

Like / Would like / Look like / Be like

(Do) like (фактическое предпочтение, что, в принципе, нравиться)
What kind of food do you like?(Facts, personal preferences)
I like ice cream, bananas, soda pop.
I like Chinese food.

What kind of friend(s) do you like?
I like someone who is easygoing.
I like a person who has talent.

Would like (когда есть возможность выбрать, что бы ты хотел, предпочел? )

What kind of food would you like?(If you could choose)
I would like Italian food.
What kind of person would you like to marry?
I would like someone who has a lot of money.

I like a man/woman/person who is friendly.

Be like (Какой он\она – их предпочтения)
What does John like?(What are his personal preferences?)
He likes horror movies, basketball, chocolate ice cream...

Look like (как выглядит; физические или моральные характеристики)
What does John look like?(Physical description)
He is tall, dark and handsome. He has black hair and wears glasses.
What is John like?(Description of personality)
He is a nice guy. He is very kind and friendly.

А какая разница между "хочу" и "хотел бы"?

" like" - это выражение симпатии по известной теме. Например, "мне нравится читать книги" - действие, которое уже совершали, а "would like" - это то, что делать еще не пробовали, но хочется - "я бы хотела прыгнуть с парашютом". Также "would like" - вежливая просьба "я бы хотела чашечку кофе".