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London, one of the world's great cities, has many strengths. One is its ability to grow and change with the times. Over the years, the city has faced many challenges, yet it has met them all, head on. Along the way, England's capital has developed into one of the world's most diverse cities. It is home to people from many cultures, who add to the city's rich heritage.
The Romans first developed the area 2,000 years ago, founding a town which they called Londinium. In the 11th century, the city, whose name had been shortened to London, became England's capital. Over the centuries, new leaders added their own touches. Some built great churches. Others built palaces. Sites like the Tower of London, Westminster Abbey, and Buckingham Palace became part of the city's identity.
However, London's history is not only one of progress. The city has gone through terrible crises. In the 14th century, 1/3 of the population died from a horrible disease - the Black Death. In 1666, 80% of the city burned down during the Great Fire of London. And, from 1940-1941, much of the city was destroyed during World War II. Yet, time after time, the city has stood tall and rebuilt itself.
London is now a leading cultural center. There are many top museums such as the National Gallery. The performing arts are also alive and well, with frequent concerts and plays. For more casual entertainment, people can dance to their heart's content at night clubs. Sports lovers also have a lot to choose from, such as Wimbledon, a major tennis event. Plus, don't forget the dining scene. Six thousand restaurants serve food from more than 70 countries.
A great way to get a feeling for this amazing city is by taking a ride on the London Eye. Thirty-minute trips carry people 500 feet into the air, offering excellent views. You can also see the sights on a "double decker" bus. Or, to travel quickly from A to B, you can ride the Tube, London's subway system. Its 511 trains carry 6.2 million riders a day.
London's 7.3 million residents come together to form the heart and soul of the city. They include people from many cultures and regions, such as Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean. In festivals like the Notting Hill Carnival, they celebrate their backgrounds. Generation after generation, every Londoner adds to the spirit of the ever-changing city.
