story about the name of a place. рассказ на английском на тему the name of a place

Saint Nose Promontory
Nоt far from Archangel,on the shore of White Sea is situated some promontory named Svyatoy Nos(Saint Nose). The reason why it has so unusual name is simple. Two or three centuries ago sailors at the beginning of the voyage, passing this area, prayed to St. Nicholas, the patron of travellers(especially travellers by sea).Speech of pray was too fast
from "Saint Nicolas save us" it transformed into something like Svyatoy Nos.That’s why this promontory named so sophisticately.

The real story of how Toronto got its name
It is not unusual for names to spread from place to place, and Toronto is no exception. The name reached its present location -- and spelling -- after journeys both linguistic and geographical in nature. Linguistically, it originated as the Mohawk phrase tkaronto, later modified by French explorers and map makers. Geographically, it moved 125 kilometres south from The Narrows, where today's Lake Simcoe empties into Lake Couchiching at the city of Orillia.
Tkaronto means "where there are trees standing in the water", according to several Mohawk speakers and aboriginal language expert John Steckley. Mohawks used the phrase to describe The Narrows, where Hurons and other natives drove stakes into the water to create fish weirs. In 1615, Samuel de Champlain described these structures as blocking the channels, with a few openings left for catching fish in nets. Radiocarbon dating of surviving stakes reveals that the weirs at The Narrows were in use more than 4,000 years ago.
The Mohawk phrase began its southward movement about 1680, when Lac de Taronto (today's Lake Simcoe), appeared on a map attributed to French court official Abbé Claude Bernou. From there the name inspired Passage de Taronto in 1686 for the canoe route between lakes Simcoe and Ontario, which followed what we call today the Humber River. In turn, that river became known as Rivière Taronto, and in the 1720s a French fort east of the mouth of the Humber River, on Lake Ontario, was identified as Fort Toronto. This is where Ontario's capital city stands today.
This account may surprise some armchair historians. The most common meaning for Toronto given in current references is "place of meetings", derived from the Huron toronton. This origin was suggested by historian Henry Scadding in Toronto: Past and Present (1884),where he interpreted Récollet missionary Gabriel Sagard's 1632 definition -- il y en a beaucoup (there is much) -- to mean a gathering of tribes, or meeting place.
Other writers stressed the idea of "plenty" in toronton, as in the Huron's land of plenty. Historian William Kilbourn promoted that view inToronto Remembered (1984), where he wrote, "So when anyone asks what Toronto means, I would suggest that the best reply is 'abundance'. "Scadding had dismissed this theory in his Toronto of Old (1878).
The first time the name Toronto, alone, was used at the city's present site was in the Journals (1765) of Maj. Robert Rogers, a British ranger commander from the New England colonies, who described it as "a proper place for a factory." Rogers had seen the remains of Fort Toronto in 1760, after its destruction by the retreating French as the British captured their North American possessions.
The French had built the post in about 1720, originally naming it Fort Rouillé for Antoine-Louis Rouillé, the minister of marine and colonies. Abandoned in 1730, the fort was restored in 1740 and continued in use until 1759. Several 18th-century French and British maps identified it as Fort Toronto. In all surviving records, the fort's name is spelled Toronto.
In 1787, Governor General Lord Dorchester, finding the name Toronto in use at its present site, arranged what was called the Toronto Purchase from the Mississauga Indians, embracing over 1,000 square kilometres in the area of present Metropolitan Toronto and York Region. The next year surveyor Alexander Aitkin made a plan of the Toronto townsite, and Capt. Gother Mann drew a Plan of Torento Harbour. Why he spelled the name with an "e" remains a mystery.
http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/education/toronto_e.php

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