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Марианна Бурыкина
МТ
Марина Тулина
http://comenglish.ru/topiki-na-angliyskom/topik-po-angliyskomu-yazyku-na-temu-shopping-pokupki
http://www.alleng.ru/engl-top/186.htm
The term “logistics” can mean different things in different countries and in different contexts. Basically, it is a question of having the right thing, at the right place, at the right time. NATO defines logistics as the science of planning and carrying out the movement and maintenance of forces. It can be seen as the bridge between the deployed forces and the industrial base that produces the materiel and weapons that forces need to accomplish their mission. Effectively, logistics comprises the identification of requirements as well as both the building up of stocks and capabilities, and the sustainment of weapons and forces. As such, the scope of logistics is huge. Among the core functions conducted by NATO are: supply, maintenance, movement and transportation, petroleum support, infrastructure and medical support.
The Alliance’s overarching function is to coordinate national efforts and encourage the highest degree possible of multinational responses to operational needs, therefore reducing the number of individual supply chains. Multinational logistics goes hand in hand with collective logistics, which aims to achieve cost-savings, harmonize life-cycle processes and increase efficiency in logistics support at all times.
The principle of collective responsibility is central to this approach. It is based on the idea that both NATO and participating countries are responsible for the logistic support of NATO’s multinational operations. While NATO is responsible for coordinating and prioritizing the provision of logistic support to deployed NATO forces, each state is responsible for ensuring that - individually or through cooperative arrangements – their own forces receive the required logistic resources.
Logistics is of vital importance for any military operation. Without it, operations could not be carried out and sustained, especially in the case of out-of-area operations.
The Alliance’s current missions are radically different from those it conducted during the Cold War. During the 1990s, NATO operations were still in Europe. However, the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States led NATO foreign ministers to state, at their May 2002 Reykjavik meeting, that there were no geographical limits to NATO’s area of operations. This posed obvious logistic challenges and NATO logistics doctrine has evolved accordingly, while, at the same time, various initiatives have been launched to develop the required capabilities.
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